Sharps or flats are placed on the lines and spaces of the staff to tell you which notes are raised or lowered in a given key. The key signature is placed between the clef and time signature at the beginning of a piece of music. Note: Since the key of C has no sharps and no flats, the keys of C sharp and C flat have seven sharps and seven flats respectively. *G-flat and F-sharp are enharmonically the same. Continue similarly around the circle of fourths. For the key of B-flat, keep B-flat, and add the fourth degree (or next key) of E-flat. Tip: the fourth scale degree also happens to be the next key in the circle of fourths.įor example: the key of F has one flat, B-flat, which is the fourth scale degree in F (or the next key on the circle). This side works similarly to the sharp side, but rather than raising the seventh scale degree, we will lower the fourth scale degree (GREEN). Flat Keysįollow the circle counterclockwise in fourths. Continue in the same way all around the circle of fifths. Keep the F# and C# and add G# (the seventh scale degree in A). This added sharp is always the seventh scale degree of each new key (RED).įor example, in the key of D, keep the F# and add C# (the seventh scale degree in D). Each note along the circle of fifths adds one sharp each time. F# is the seventh scale degree in the key of G. The key of G has one sharp and it is the note F#. Sharp Keysįollow the circle clockwise in fifths. Following the circle counter-clockwise will give the interval of a perfect fourth between notes, while clockwise will give a perfect fifth. The circle of fourths/fifths contains all twelve chromatic notes. Now that you have played single-string major scales for each key, it is time to memorize each key signature. Circle of Fourths/Fifths & Key Signatures
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